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Kulturkampf - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulturkampf
WebKulturkampf. In the history of Germany, the Kulturkampf (Cultural Struggle) was the seven-year political conflict (1871–1878) occurred between the Catholic Church in Germany, led by Pope Pius IX, and the Kingdom of Prussia, led by chancellor Otto von Bismarck. The Prussian church-and-state political conflict was about the Church's direct ...
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Kulturkampf | German Politics & Religion in 19th Century
https://www.britannica.com/event/Kulturkampf
WebKulturkampf, (German: “culture struggle”), the bitter struggle ( c. 1871–87) on the part of the German chancellor Otto von Bismarck to subject the Roman Catholic church to state controls. The term came into use in 1873, when the scientist and Prussian liberal statesman Rudolf Virchow declared that the battle with the Roman Catholics was ...
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Kulturkampf | Encyclopedia.com
https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/modern-europe/german-history/kulturkampf
WebMay 14, 2018 · KULTURKAMPF. Church-State conflict in Prussia and other states in germany, in Austria, and in Switzerland (1871 – 90). It became known as the Kulturkampf (struggle for civilization) after Rudolf Virchow, an atheist and materialist scientist, thus described it (Jan. 17, 1873) in the Prussian Landtag, where he represented the German …
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German Catholics under the Iron Fist: Bismarck and the Kulturkampf
https://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/view.cfm?recnum=8670
WebFor Catholics, the Kulturkampf had represented both a challenge and an opportunity. The Catholic faithful were oppressed and humiliated in their own country for the sake of nationalism and ...
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Kulturkampf - New World Encyclopedia
https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Kulturkampf
WebThe German term Kulturkampf (literally, "culture struggle") refers to German policies in relation to secularism and the influence of the Roman Catholic Church, enacted from 1871 to 1878 by the Chancellor of the German Empire, Otto von Bismarck.
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Kulturkampf - Oxford Reference
https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110810105233755
WebQuick Reference. The conflict between the German government headed by Bismarck and the Roman Catholic Church (1872–87) for the control of schools and Church appointments. Bismarck, anxious to strengthen the central power of the German Second empire in which southern Germany, Alsace-Lorraine, and the Polish provinces were predominantly ...
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The Kulturkampf and the Limitations of Power in Bismarck's …
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-ecclesiastical-history/article/abs/kulturkampf-and-the-limitations-of-power-in-bismarcks-germany/81F43254EDB6CFC6C53CAFF07FAE2CBE
WebJan 13, 2016 · Few conflicts in imperial Germany were more important than the Kulturkampf, a major dispute between the Catholic Church and the Prussian State and a notorious example of the destructive character of Bismarckian politics. The Kulturkampf began in 1871, gathered in intensity and bitterness until 1878, and then continued with …
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Kulturkampf | Catholic Answers Encyclopedia
https://www.catholic.com/encyclopedia/kulturkampf
WebKulturkampf, the name given to the political struggle for the rights and self-government of the Catholic Church, carried on chiefly in Prussia and afterwards in Baden, Hesse, and Bavaria. The contest was waged with great vigor from 1871 to 1877; from 1878 to 1891 it gradually calmed down.
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The Kulturkampf and the Course of German History
https://www.jstor.org/stable/4546060
WebMy thesis is that the Kulturkampf effected a massive political realign-ment of Catholics, a group making up more than a third ofthe popu? lations of both Prussia and Germany. That may seem so obvious as to be scarcely worth saying. Yet most historians of Germany assume a continuity in Catholic political activity. This "continuity thesis" is
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Kulturkampf: The Relationship of Church and State and the …
https://www.jstor.org/stable/23916757
WebKulturkampf: The Relationship of Church and State and the Failure of German Political Reform Douglas W. Hatfield Following on the heels of the wars of unification, the decade of the 1870s proved to be a critical era in the history of the modern German state. The peculiar character of the German political sys
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